I've been working on bike share in Manhattan Beach for some time. Now it appears my hometown, Boston, is preparing a bike-share system for the summer. This will be great for the city. Read more.
The company that I co-founded is called Baiku. Baiku was recently granted the rights to operate a bike share system in Manhattan Beach, California along the world famous “Strand” boardwalk and plans to rollout a pilot station in 2011 and then expand with additional stations in Manhattan Beach and neighboring cities.
There are a few important trends that are creating a unique opportunity to capitalize on a private, for-profit, bike share system in partnership with municipalities: (1) People and city governments are increasingly open to carbon-neutral forms of transportation; (2) Third-generation bike share systems, which have emerged within the last 5-10 years, enable automated bike sharing; (3) Municipalities do not have money to invest in bike share programs; and (4) Biking infrastructure is cheap and is being implemented in cities nationwide. The following provides a little background on bike-sharing, but to learn more about bike-sharing, click here.
What is Bike Sharing?
Bike-share bicycles are intended for short-term use and are accessible via automated check-out systems. An important benefit of bike-share systems is the flexibility to return rented bicycles to any station within the system, thereby encouraging use for one-way travel.
A Little History
Since inception of the first system in Amsterdam in the mid-1960s, bike-share has grown and adapted. Originally comprised of painted, free-to-use bicycles, early systems quickly succumbed to theft and vandalism. This shortcoming was later addressed through the introduction of coin-operated locking mechanisms, not unlike those of airport luggage carts. However, anonymity of system users and the minimal investment on their part could not overcome the continued occurrence of theft and vandalism.
Technological advancements in the mid-to-late-90s paved the way for the modern bike-share system, also known as “third generation” programs. These consist of bicycle parking stations with kiosks that leverage electric card-reading technology. Whether using a credit card or a membership smartcard, new systems can attribute bicycle rentals to individual users, creating the ability to enforce liability for damaged or stolen equipment. The advent of third generation bike-share programs has led to increasing popularity and widespread implementation. As of 2010, there are approximately 160 bike-share systems throughout the world.
Third Generation Bike Sharing Systems
There are certain elements that all modern, third generation, bike share programs have in common:
- Automated process for rental and return. Bike share programs operate with minimal personnel. Bikes are typically locked in a docking station and are only unlocked when a customer pays for access.
- Easy and fast access. Registration is possible within minutes, and customers can use bikes in a matter of seconds as a result of innovative technology.
- Fixed stations. Customers rent from and return the bikes to easy-to-locate fixed stations.
- One-way capability. Because bike share programs have multiple stations, they allow for one-way trips. This enables a customer to use the bike for commuting and to pay only for the time they are actually using the bike.
- Customer registration using deposits. Customers register once for security reasons and generally pay a deposit by credit or debit card.
- Pay-per-use or subscription. Customers usually purchase base subscriptions for terms lasting a day, week, month or year. Tourists are typically charged hourly for the use.
Parts of a Third Generation Bike Share System
- The bike dock and locking system. Bike docks, powered by solar energy, serve to house and lock bikes. Made from recyclable, non-oxidizing aluminum, these modular docking stations are formed by a combination of groups of four docks, which are modular themselves. Maintenance and repair of the system is simplified thanks to a removable module present in every docking station, which contains the locking system, and all critical components that allow the system to function.
- Pay station. Pay stations are touch screen-operated and accept credit and debit cards. Eventually, users will be able to rent a bike using a subscriber key obtained through a long-term online subscription or an access code provided by the pay station. Upon renting or returning the bicycle, a user may receive a text message to their mobile phone confirming the transaction.
- The bikes. Bikes are customized for the bike share program. The locking mechanism is built into the frame of the bike. In addition, the one-piece aluminum frame and handlebars serve to conceal brake cables in an effort to protect them from vandalism and inclement weather.
Who Uses Bike Sharing and Why?
Highlights from the Nice Ride Minnesota Bike Share survey*:
- 80% of bike share users own a bike
- Most people use bike share because it’s convenient
- Most people who bike share own automobiles
- Almost 70% of bike share trips are for the purpose of getting around town or commuting
*Between 600 and 700 respondents
People use bike sharing because it is convenient. A study from Washington, D.C.’s Smart Bike program reported that 80% of bike share users, stated that the “convenience factor” was the most important reason why they used bike sharing. When traveling, people would rather use a bike share bike than their own bike. Bike sharing doesn’t require you to bring a lock and you don’t need to worry about the bike when you arrive at your destination. You simply leave the bike at a kiosk and go.
- Getting around town. People enjoy the ease of picking up a bicycle without having the need to store the bicycle, lock it up while eating and shopping, or maintaining the bicycle. According to the Nice Ride Minnesota Survey, some 37% of survey respondents reported that they use bike sharing to get around town.
- Commuters. Commuters use bike share because they enjoy the health benefits of commuting to work via bicycle and some are interested in carbon neutral transportation. Commuting via bike share gives commuters a choice to bike home, use car share, walk, or take the transit.
- Recreation. People use bike share because it’s enjoyable. Many tourists are taking advantage of bike share in cities around the country. Biking represents an ideal way to tour a location, because it is faster than walking and one can more intimately explore an area than by car.